什么是第一秒表和第三个八度乐队过滤器?
当需要有关复杂声音的更详细信息时,可以将20Hz到20kHz的频率范围分成部分或频带。这是电子方式在声级仪表内完成的。
These bands usually have a bandwidth of one octave or one third octave. More advanced instruments may be able to give a narrow band analysis of the noise data. This may be an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) or information in 1/12 octaves.
An octave band is a frequency band where the highest frequency is twice the lowest frequency.
For example, an octave filter with a centre frequency of 1kHz has a lower frequency of 707Hz and an upper frequency of 1.414kHz. Any frequencies below and above these limits are rejected. A third octave has a width of 1/3 of that of an octave band.
To learn more about octave bands and other acoustic terms that will help you to use and understand your noise measuring equipment better,check out our FREE guide to noise terminology.
The figures below show a noise level split into both octave and third octaves:
An example of Octave Band Analysis
频率分析非常有用的位置的一个例子在于由涡轮机和压缩机产生的噪声的比较。
When the noise is measured using a sound level meter, the overall noise level is 113dB(A).
By using 1:1 octave band filters, we can break the noise from each machine into its component parts and it is very clear that the turbine is producing much more low frequency noise than the compressor.
This has implication when hearing protection is being specified. Different hearing protection will be needed for each machine as the PPE chosen for the compressor may not be suitable for the turbine.
This also applies when considering noise reduction enclosure or sound reduction materials.
The table below shows the noise levels for both the compressor (A) and the turbine (B). The first column shows the dB(A) values followed by the octave band figures. These octave band figures are those shown in the graph above.
dB(A) | 31日赫兹 | 63Hz. | 125Hz. | 250Hz. | 500Hz. | 1kHz | 2kHz | 4kHz | 8khz. | 16kHz | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Compressor | 113.6 | 80 | 87. | 90 | 93 | 99 | 100. | 111 | 106. | 98 | 89 |
B | Turbine | 113.6 | 113 | 122 | 116 | 116 | 115 | 97 | 85. | 60. | 57 | 42 |
C | Enclosure | N / A. | N / A. | N / A. | 6 | 13 | 25 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 33 | 33 |
A-C. | 85..7 | 84. | 80 | 74. | 74. | 83. | 77. | 66. | 56 | |||
B-C | 99.8 | 110 | 103. | 90 | 71. | 57 | 31 | 24 | 9 |
The attenuation provided by a “standard” noise reducing enclosure is shown in row (C). The final two rows show the noise levels for the compressor and turbine after the attenuation provided by the enclosure has been added.
The overall dB(A) noise level produced by the turbine is reduced by 13dB(A), whilst the compressor noise is reduced by 27dB(A).
The additional information provided by the frequency analysis gives an understanding of why the compressor noise is reduced by 14dB(A) more than the turbine noise.
简单的DB(A)测量可能没有显示出来。
The optimus sound level meters can provide both 1:1 and 1:3 octave band analysis of noise levels.If you would like further information, please call us on 0845 230 2434 from the UK or +44 1723 891655 and we will be pleased to help.
Need to measure noise at work?
Check out the Optimus+ Red
Optimus + Red是我们在工作声级仪表的目的噪音,旨在IEC 61672标准。可作为八度乐队声级仪表提供,这是工作评估中噪声的一体化解决方案。
Measuring personal noise exposure?
Check out the Professional doseBadge5
专业的DoseBadge.5是用于测量工作场所的个人噪声暴露水平的高级噪声剂量表。使用蓝牙连接和倍频带滤波器作为标准,它是工作中噪声的完整解决方案和个人噪声暴露评估。
Monitoring environmental noise?
Check out the Environmental Noise Measurement Kit
与之兼容Optimus +绿色声级仪表, the Environmental Noise Measurement Kit is the perfect solution for long-term outdoor noise monitoring. With 3G/GPRS connectivity, you can view your data in the cloud and get real-time alerts to your phone.
Download the噪声测量术语指南扩大噪音知识并使噪音更简单。
Clarke Roberts
He particularly enjoys writing content about product applications, including noise nuisance, occupational noise and environmental noise pollution.